Foundry Chemicals

GRAFINER - for light alloys

Metal poured into the mold begins to crystallize as it cools down. Crystallization is the process of growth of crystals (grains) during conversion of an alloy from liquid to solid state. A crystal will grow from a nucleus if the alloy goes on cooling down. The greater the number of potential nuclei, the finer the grain and vice versa. The form and internal structure of grains depend upon the pouring temperature and number of active nuclei per unit volume of the melt. Thus the structure of a solid casting may have coarse columnar or fine grain structure.

Castings with fine grain structure show highest strength and plasticity ,castings with coarse grain are inferior to the former in strength and plasticity and so adversely affecting extrusion, rolling or casting operations.

Grafiner is an ideal product liberating grain refining elements when plunged to the bottom of the melt.

Benefits

• Eliminates coarse grain structure thereby improving mechanical properties.
• Coarse-grained material causes surface roughening during forming (orange peel effect). Grafiner reduces such surface defects giving satisfactory anodized surface.
• Eliminates internal defects such as cracking in extruded or forged parts.
• Improves feeding and soundness of casting thereby reducing shrinkage defects.
• Grafiner is available in 50 gms.,100 gms.,250 gms.,500 gms., size tablets so grain refining of larger melts can be done easily and effectively.

Tipac

Self sinking , concentrated grain refiner tablets based on Titanium & Boron. It can be used as substitute to hardener alloys.Tipac-101 is based on Titanium and Boron .Tipac-600 is based only on Titanium. Can be used at as low as 0.02% application rate.

Guide to using Grafiner

• It is important to perform this operation before degassing.
• Perform this operation at temp.730°C to 750°C.
• Plunge required qty. up to the bottom with preheated box plunger and rotating it until the reaction ceases.

Packaging

Grafiner is available in 50 gms.,100 gms., 250 gms., 500 gms., size tablets packed in 27 Kgs. carton

Grade	Appearance	Applicability	Qty. %	Remarks
202	White	All Al. alloys except hypereutectic Al-Si and high conductivity alloys	0.10 to 0.20	Grain refining from Titanium & Boron.
201	Dark Green	All alloys except hypereutectic & high conductivity alloys	0.05 to 0.06	Strong refining by Titanium & Boron. Concentration is higher
20A	Light Yellow	All Al. alloys except hypereutectic Al-Si and high conductivity alloys	0.10 to 0.20	Cheaper version of grafiner 202
222	Dark Yellow	All Al. alloys ,high conductivity alloys and casting containing appreciable amount of Ti	0.10 to 0.20 (depends on Ti Content)	Grain refiner based on Boron only.
60	Light Green	All Al. alloys , other than hypereutectic and high conductivity alloys	0.10 to 0.20	Grain refinement based on titanium only
101	Red	Hypereutectic Al-Si alloys 13-25% Si	0.20 to 0.40	Grain refinement based on phosphorous. Recommended for Al-Si alloy up to 14% Si.
102	Red	Hypereutectic Al-Si alloys 13-25% Si	0.20 to 0.40	Grain refinement by phosphorous. Recommended for Al-Si alloy above 14%.
203	Violet	For Magnesium alloys only	0.20 to 0.30	Serves as modifier, Grain refiner. It contains some carbon